Solar forcing refers to the influence of solar variability on climate patterns and processes on Earth. This research area explores how changes in solar radiation, solar wind, and other solar phenomena can impact the atmosphere, oceans, and climate systems. Scientists study historical solar activity data, such as sunspot cycles and solar irradiance levels, to understand how these fluctuations may contribute to natural climate variability and potentially influence long-term climate trends. Solar forcing research is important for improving our understanding of the complex interactions between the Sun and Earth's climate system.